#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# bases: Convert numbers to various bases and forms.
#
# Written: ?? By Steven J. DeRose, sderose@acm.org.
# 2007-11-~~ sjd: Add -k, -t, -u, input multiplier letters.
#
# To do:
#     Handle UTF-8.
#     Break long numbers into groups of digits.

use strict;
use Getopt::Long;
use Encode;

my $version = "2008-07-01";

my $help = 0;
my $humanUnits = 0;
my $quiet = 0;
my $time = 0;
my $verbose = 0;

# Process options
Getopt::Long::Configure ("ignore_case");
my $result = GetOptions(
    "h|help|?"          => \$help,
    "human|k"           => \$humanUnits,
    "q|quiet!"          => \$quiet,
    "t|time"            => \$time,
    "v|verbose+"        => \$verbose,
    "version"           => sub {
     	die "Version of $version, by Steven J. DeRose, sderose\@acm.org.\n";
    }
);

if ($help) { showUsage(); exit; }
($result) || die "Bad options.\n";

($ARGV[0]) ||
    die "No argument specified.\n";

my $k = 1000;
my $m = 1000*1000;
my $g = 1000*1000*1000;
my $t = 1000*1000*1000*1000;
my $p = 1000*1000*1000*1000*1000;

my $K = 1024;
my $M = 1024*1024;
my $G = 1024*1024*1024;
my $T = 1024*1024*1024*1024;
my $P = 1024*1024*1024*1024*1024;


################################################################################

my $tot = shift;

($verbose) && print "Got '$tot'\n";

# See if user typed in a number with a suffix letter...
$tot =~ m/\d+([KMGTP])$/i;
if (defined $1) {
    my $unit = $1;
    if    ($unit eq "k") { $tot *= $k; }
    elsif ($unit eq "m") { $tot *= $m; }
    elsif ($unit eq "g") { $tot *= $g; }
    elsif ($unit eq "t") { $tot *= $t; }
    elsif ($unit eq "p") { $tot *= $p; }
    
    elsif ($unit eq "K") { $tot *= $K; }
    elsif ($unit eq "M") { $tot *= $M; }
    elsif ($unit eq "G") { $tot *= $G; }
    elsif ($unit eq "T") { $tot *= $T; }
    elsif ($unit eq "P") { $tot *= $P; }
}

$tot = oct($tot) if ($tot =~ m/^0/);

if ($time) {
    print timeCode($tot) . "\n";
}
else {
	print sprintf("    o0%o, d%d, 0x%x, 0b%08b\n", $tot, $tot, $tot, $tot);
	if ($humanUnits && $tot>1023) {
		print sprintf(
			"    Human-readable units: %4.2fK, %4.2fM, %4.2fG, %4.2fT\n",
			$tot/$K, $tot/$M, $tot/$G, $tot/$T);
	}
	if (!$quiet) {
		if ($tot > 31 && $tot < 128) {
			print "    Printable character:  '" . chr($tot) . "'\n";
		}
		elsif ($tot >= 128 && $tot <= 0x2FFFF) {
			print "    If that's a Unicode code point, the UTF-8 is(?): \n        ";
			my @b = unpack("C*", chr($tot));
			for (my $i=0; $i<scalar(@b); $i++) {
				printf "0x%02x ", $b[$i];
			}
			print " =  ";
			for (my $i=0; $i<scalar(@b); $i++) {
				printf "d%03d ", $b[$i];
			}
			print ".\n";
		}
	}
}
exit;


#################################################################################
# 
# timeCode: Change elapsed seconds into hh:mm:ss form.
# Params:   0: Time as a number of seconds.
# 
#################################################################################
sub timeCode {
	my $etime = $_[0];
    my $s = $etime % 60;
    my $m = int($etime/60) % 60;
    my $h = int($etime/3660);
	return(sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", $h, $m, $s));
}


################################################################################

sub showUsage {
	warn "
Usage: bases [options] [num]
    Display the input number in several bases (and as a character if in ASCII
    range, or a Unicode UTF-8 byte sequence if above the ASCII range).
    'num' can be decimal, hex (0xFFF), octal (0777), or binary (0b1010);
    and can have a suffix of K, M, G, T, or P for powers of 1024 (like ls -h),
    or k, m, g, t, or p for powers of 1000.
Options:
    -k or -human   Print big numbers in units of K, M, G, T, and P.
    -t             Format an elapsed time (from number of seconds).
Related commands:
    chr, ord, nonascii, makeUnicodeData, makeUnicodeChart, findchar2.
";
}